Unit 40 Health Social Care P3 P4 M2 D1 Essay - 1579 Words

Enduring Power Of Attorney Act: This is for individuals who are lacking the mental capacity and need somebody else to help them manage their legal, financial and health problems. The mental capacity act therefore made it legal so that those who are unable to make their own decisions have the ability to choose somebody who they feel they can trust to help manage their finances, properties and to help make their health and welfare decision. This is done through the power of attorney. This act links to individuals who suffer with dementia as within the late stages of dementia they will need to give someone the power of attorney due to the fact that they will not be able to manage their legal financial and health problems. Human Rights Act:†¦show more content†¦Personal Data will be processed in accordance with the persons rights 7. Personal shall be kept securely 8. Personal Data should not be transferred to any other country unless it has got an adequate level of protection This act links to an individual who has dementia as if their personal information at the doctors or in an elderly care home then these organisations need to ensure that these eight principles are followed. Mental Capacity Act: This act is made to help protect those who are unable to make decisions for them. This could be due to a mental health condition, a learning difficulty or a brain injury. The purpose of this act is to allow adults to make as many decisions for them as possible. For example, somebody with dementia might make a decision about whether they want future medical treatment or not. This act links to people who are suffering with dementia as within the later stages of dementia they are unable to make decisions for themselves and consequently, the Mental Capacity Act ensures that the individual has somebody to make the decisions for them. Safeguarding Vulnerable Group Act: This act is designed to stop any contact between children and vulnerable adults who may have been harmed. The individuals who have harmed them will be put on to a barred list and will be banned from going into contact with the people they have harmed. This is where DBS checks come into place. This when somebody who isShow MoreRelatedUnit 1 Health and Social Care16199 Words   |  65 Pages1 Developing effective communication in health and social care LO1 Understand effective communication and interpersonal interaction in health and social care contexts of communication forms of communication interpersonal interaction communication and language needs and preferences LO2 Understand factors that inï ¬â€šuence communication and interpersonal interaction in health and social care environments theories of communication environmental factors affecting communication barriers to communicationRead MoreHotel and Hospitality Industry22258 Words   |  90 Pagespeople have experienced the hospitality industry. The industry is vast, and constantly changing to meet customer expectations. It is also a very diverse industry, ranging from stays in a ï ¬ ve-star hotel to meals in a fast-food outlet. In these ï ¬ rst two units, you will develop your knowledge and understanding of this exciting and fast-moving industry. You ï ¬ rst consider the different types of businesses in hospitality industry at national and local levels. You will explore the types of hospitality jobs,Read MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Dementia11088 Words   |  45 Pagesothers for care as they are then unable to look after their selves. One of the signs is that someone with dementia becomes very forgetful. For instance, a person with memory loss will have trouble remembering something they have already learned. This could be very frustrating as they would forget basic things, for instance if they decide to do a task they may forget exactly what task they want to do as they have forgotten. Likewise as they may forget familiar face they may also forget to care for themselvesRead MoreFinancial Statements Fraud56771 Words   |  228 Pages36 Fraud in the Revenue Account................................................................... 38 Hypotheses Development................................................................................. 40 Prior Years’ Discretionary Accruals and Fraud......................................... 40 Capital Market Expectations and Fraud..................................................... 41 Unexpected Labor Productivity and Fraud ................................................ 42 Research Design .

Internship Report in Auditing - 5036 Words

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1.1. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Auditing refers to the process of checking and analyzing of financial statements to prove that they give true and fair view of the company and to ensure that they were prepared according to the accounting standards and finally producing a report after their opinion. Internal audit is professional activity involved in helping organizations to achieve their objectives. And the goals using systematic methodology for analyzing business processes, procedures and activities by highlighting organizational problems and recommending solutions. Famous authorities an auditing literature; defined auditing the internal auditing system as the whole system of controls , financial and†¦show more content†¦1.3.2 Specific objective: The role of internal audit in the achievement of the objectives. * To assess the efficiency and effectiveness of internal audit function in RRA. * To examine the impact of internal audit function (department) within RRA; * To forward recommendations and conclusion based on the research finding. 1.4. RESEARCH QUESTIONS A number of research questions will guide me to carry out my study. Such questions include: * What type of audit is performed in government institutions? * Is it necessary to have internal auditing in government institutions? * To what extent is this internal audit department has been able to solve the problem of mismanagement? 1.5. HYPOTHESIS In the paragraph of research questions raised with the above questions; the assumptions solutions made are the following: * Desk (Office) audit and field audit are conducted in public sector. * Yes, government institutions uses internal audit so that to evaluate their well internal performance or not. * Put their employees into the work or assignments and prepare the training support. 1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY The significant of the research is very important especially to the researcher, SFB institution and government organization. 1.6.1To the researcher: The research will provide the relevance information comes fromShow MoreRelatedMy Goal Of Becoming An Accountant876 Words   |  4 Pagescan help launch different opportunities. I chose to be an accountant because of all the possibilities I have of succeeding. The steps to achieve my goal of becoming an accountant are to first apply to the Coles College of Business, then getting an internship or co-op, and finally receiving my accounting degree from Coles College of Business. Applying for Coles College of Business is the first step in achieving my goals. I need to first finish my two year of general education, and I need to have anRead MoreReport: Employment and Internship1268 Words   |  6 Pageswas just around the corner. My internship reaffirmed my decision to become an accountant. I found that nobody expects you to know everything and that mistakes can be tolerated if learned from. The experience has given me confidence in myself that was severely lacking beforehand. I have realized that I want to continue working in the area of auditing. Experience And Academic Benefits. Experience is always an advantage when seeking employment. An internship provides a relatively nurturingRead MoreIntern At The Largest Cpa Firm1550 Words   |  7 PagesAlicia Sowinski Internship Reflection This past summer, I had the opportunity to intern at the largest CPA firm in Buffalo, Freed Maxick, CPAs. It was an intense six-week program that exposed me to a variety of work in departments such as tax, audit, EAS, consulting, and healthcare. At Freed Maxick, they wanted the internship to parallel the experience their first-year staff accountants have. We were treated as full-time employees as we had our own cubicles, worked forty-hour weeks, and wereRead MorePractical Report1181 Words   |  5 Pagesvision is ‘to be the preferred business advisor in enterprise value enhancement’ and holds a mission of ‘linking strategy to value’. The firm is a medium sized audit firm in Malaysia and provides many services that focus in the area of taxation, auditing and assurance services, as well as other services such as enterprise risk management and internal audit. KHR operates from 4 strategically located offices in Malaysia with its headquarter in Kuala Lumpur and 3 other branches in Kota Bharu, Alor SetarRead MoreInternship Report of Accounting1891 Words   |  8 PagesInternship Report 1. Introduction During April 12th and April 30th, I served as an intern for ZhiqinCertified Public Accountants CO., LTD. Foshan City, ZhiqinCertified Public Accountants Co., Ltd. is officially registered, a certified public accountant firm, in 1990, a period approved by Guangdong Provincial Department of Finance was established in 2000 began operating a limited company, a practicing certificate number is 44060005, assets assessment Certificate No. 440 200 756. Since itsRead MoreInternship Report of Accounting1906 Words   |  8 PagesInternship Report 1. Introduction During April 12th and April 30th, I served as an intern for ZhiqinCertified Public Accountants CO., LTD. Foshan City, ZhiqinCertified Public Accountants Co., Ltd. is officially registered, a certified public accountant firm, in 1990, a period approved by Guangdong Provincial Department of Finance was established in 2000 began operating a limited company, a practicing certificate number is 44060005, assets assessment Certificate No. 440 200 756. Since its establishmentRead MoreProfessional Skepticism Throughout A Winter Quarter Auditing Internship1437 Words   |  6 Pagesexperience of applying professional skepticism throughout a winter quarter auditing internship. Third, as described in PCAOB Audit Staff Practice Alert No. 10, the PCAOB plans to explore meaningful ways to enhance auditor’s professional skepticism. Therefore, contained in section three is a proposal which provides justification for an implementation that may enhance the application of professional skeptic ism throughout the auditing profession. In culmination of discussing these examples, professionalRead MoreSample Resume : Computer Science Technology2359 Words   |  10 Pages â€Æ' Table of Contents Contents INTRODUCTION 1 FOUNDATIONAL COURSES PROJECTS AT UNIVERSITY AT BUFFALO 2 IT auditing 2 Information Assurance 3 Digital Forensics 5 Internship at MetLife 6 IT audit intern role 8 Conclusion 10 INTRODUCTION I have decided to take up my internship in IT audit to leverage my knowledge that I gained from my Master’s program and my three years of experience in IT industry. I would like to establish the various factors that have led me to choose my career as an ITRead MoreThe A Company Truly Stands Behind. Bunn Essay1402 Words   |  6 Pagessubsidiary is a retail and wholesale business and I worked on the daily tasks such as entering invoices and receiving and applying payments to the customer’s accounts. I also ran and created various reports. These reports included a labor report, hourly sales report, and sales by category report. These reports were given to upper executives of the company. My learning objectives were to develop an understanding of operations of subsidiary and increase QuickBooks knowledge. I had to learn processes andRead MoreInterning As The Financial Analyst At Terma North America Inc.1382 Words   |  6 Pagesmy internships, I met with my supervisors to create goals that I would strive to achieve by the end of the summer. At Terma, my goal was to prepare and present summary financial status reports to management and cust omers. I was able to exceed this goal by working with the IT department to design and create a program management module for the program managers. With the guide, the managers will learn how to access reports and update them at any time without assistance. Instead of having reports as

Negotiation in Contract Management - 772 Words

Negotiation in Contract Management Its hard to think of the negotiation process as anything other than a hindrance, but try to view it as an opportunity to identify problems, deal with those issues and lay the foundation upon which the relationship can grow and prosper in the long term. (Computerworld, 2004). Introduction Negotiating contracts in a management setting requires more than just knowledge of the market, factual backup materials, and chutzpah. According to the sources presented in this paper, there are several important dynamics that go into a successful negotiation. Negotiating in a Contract Management Setting An article in the peer reviewed Academy of Management Review (Gelfand, et al, 2006) posits that great strides have been made in the complex social processes that are part of negotiation such as communication, power and influence and personality (Gelfand, 427). The authors define self-construals (that are part of negotiations) as a self-representation that relates to an individuals personality, social roles, stored knowledge and past experiences (Gelfand, 428). The person in a negotiation may not always have his or her self-construals accessible but when the self-construal is accessible during a negotiation, that adds strength and depth to the negotiator, Gelfand explains (429). In other words, what the article refers to as relational self construals (RSC), means that there are psychological advantages in negotiation to theShow MoreRelatedA Brief Note On The State Water Resources Control Board Negotiation And The California Email Services 2 ( Ces2 )790 Words   |  4 Pagesworking with STPD, I have learned to lead IT Procurements; review and approve the Non-Competitively Bids requests, contract amendments, Limit-To Brand requests and Feasibility Study Report; assist and coordinate contract negotiations. Two of the projects that demonstrate my ability to provide good customers service skills and team skills are the State Water Resources Control Board Negotiation and the California Email Services 2 (CES2) project. To successfully complete my two projects, I have used theRead MorePm 598 Quiz 3 Answers1552 Words   |  7 Pagesauctioning, net marketplaces, vertical exchanges, horizontal exchanges, web portals, sealed bidding, private exchanges, two-step sealed bidding, and competitive negotiations, and  noncompetitive methods, such as purchase agreements and sole-source or single-source negotiations. 2. Phases in the contract management process The contract management process comprises three common phases: Pre-award Phase, Award Phase, amp; Post-Award Phase. Also, the phases comprise six major steps for the buyer andRead MoreContract Creation and Management Simulation1366 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Contract Creation and Management Simulation† Bus Law 531 August 30, 2011 Contract Creation and Management SimulationThe simulation shows a confutation between two software-developing companies, Span Systems, and its customer Citizen-Schwartz AG (C-S), a largeGerman bank. The two companies are in difference of opinion over the quality and timeliness of deliverables. There have been major bugs found by C-S during testing andRead MoreEffectiveness Of Joint Collaboration Between Unions And Management1414 Words   |  6 PagesHowever, the relationship between labor and management was very confrontational when he assumed the role of city manager. His experiences with collective bargaining were in very traditional bargaining environments and he had very little experience with interest-based bargaining. This case traces the impact on service, costs, and capacity for problem solving, by demonstrating the conduct of collective bargaining, non-bargaining interactions, and contract administration with the city s three bargainingRead MoreUnderstanding Labor Relations And Collective Bargaining1019 Words   |  5 PagesAirlines restructuring before the contract negotiations as Mr. Carty had stated, what other preparations would have the company took prior to the negotiation process? What federal government agencies were involved in the labor relations? And what type of response would be expected from the unions that represent American Airlines employees after comments such as the ones Mr. Carty stated? Preparations Prior to a Negotiation Process â€Å"Preparation for any negotiation should start with a number of stepsRead MoreLabor Contract Negotiation : The United Chemical And Plastic Workers1215 Words   |  5 PagesLabor Contract Negotiation For this project, I was a member on the union team and we were to bargain for a new labor contract for our union, the United Chemical and Plastic Workers (UCPW), with our employer, the Harper Container Corporation (HCC). I participated in Week 9 as our Chief negotiator. In the initial weeks of this course, for both teams, we choose our Chief negotiators for each week as well as establish ground rules for negotiating. The ground rules are rules set in place that keep negotiatorsRead MoreRelationship Between Management And The Labor Union Essay776 Words   |  4 Pagesinterest of workers. Companies where unions are present, the relationship between management and the labor representatives are called __labor relations__. John, a consultant was hired by Mexa Manufacturing to explain the labor relations process. The company in its current structure is considered non-unionized; which means employee s work conditions and environment are solely determined internally by the management. For the rest of this lesson, we ll explore the labor relations process which includesRead MoreContract Creation and Management Simulation1268 Words   |  6 PagesContract Creation and Management Simulation William University of Cincinnati Legal Environment of Business Judge Jim P. Ponder July 2, 2000 Contract Creation and Management Simulation The simulation begins in the middle of a major dispute between a software-developing company, Span Systems, and one of its customers, Citizen-Schwartz AG (C-S), a large German bank. The two companies are in dispute over the quality and timeliness of deliverables. There have been major bugs found by C-S duringRead MoreContract Negotiation1590 Words   |  7 PagesContract Creation and Management Simulation LAW/531 In the contract creation and management simulation involving Span Systems and Citizen-Schwarz AG (C-S) the conflict involved and possible resolutions could be beneficial or catastrophic for both companies. Legal risks for corporations in the process of implementation and development of a program are many. To prevent this there must be direct, quantifiable benchmarks that are acknowledged by all parties involved. Any contract ambiguity thatRead MoreContract Creation and Management1199 Words   |  5 PagesContract Creation and Manage Law 531 Contract Creation and Management After completion of the Contract Creation and Management simulation the following legal issues were noted. There were problems with this contract from the beginning because the specifics of the contract were ambiguous from the start. The companies involved developed a contractual relationship by evidence of an offer, acceptance of the offer and valid and legal consideration, which in this case is money for services rendered

What Makes A Mother - 1539 Words

I believe that this occupation holds less meaning for Bayar’s mother when compare to Ponijao’s mother because she does it a lot less and does not have the time to complete it. When nursing a child, especially a newborn, allowing the child to latch and become satisfied with the amount of milk that they have consumed can take, on average, an hour. As a farmer and gatherer in Mongolia, Bayar’s mother does not have the time to do this task and keep the cattle where they need to be as well as managing the crop growth. The cattle and crops are how they most likely get a majority of their income, and neglecting these tasks can lead to a decrease in income, which could be detrimental to the family. It is also suggested that a mother should nurse†¦show more content†¦He does not seem to be engaged with Mari the same way that her mother was. Mari does have a great deal of toys, but a majority of her play through the movie is independent. The way that Mari’s father plays with her is very different than the way her mother played with her. He father’s attitude suggests that he is not as interested in playing with her, and sees this as a labor task. When compared to Mari’s mother, her attitude suggests that she very much enjoys bonding with her child in this way and sees is as a necessary duty. The meaning of this occupation for Mari’s mother and father seem to be very different, and is most likely to result of cultural norms of Tokyo, Japan. Not to suggest that Mari’s father does not love her, but that this occupation to car for Mari is that of his wife, rather than him. In the same sense, Mari’s mother enjoys it a great deal more because she knows that is it her duty. In a similar sense, Hattie from San Francisco, California also received a great deal of interaction with her parent, like Mari. In contrast however, Hattie received a great deal of play time with her mother and father. Hattie attended a à ¢â‚¬Å"baby social group†, as did Mari, but she attended this group with her father instead of her mother. Hattie played with toy with both of her parents, either independently, or as a family throughout the film. I believe this familiarity with play by both parents, is also the result of cultural norms in San Francisco, California. In the

Diagnosis Of Acute Appendicitis Health And Social Care Essay Free Essays

string(53) " 134 indiscriminately selected patients \( 70 \[ 52\." Among patients showing to an exigency section ague hurting of the lower venters is a frequent clinical characteristic ; really frequently taking to the intuition of acute appendicitis.The determination to execute surgery is normally based merely on research lab trials and the clinical rating by the sawbones. In order to better the diagnostic truth in these patients ultrasound and computed imaging have been used as clinical AIDSs with decreased negative laparotomy rates as a consequence. We will write a custom essay sample on Diagnosis Of Acute Appendicitis Health And Social Care Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now 1,2,5 Ultrasound in adept custodies can accomplish a high grade of truth 1, but the drawback of the technique is its perceiver dependence, with important differences in truth. Acute appendicitis ( AA ) is a common surgical status of the venters, the prompt diagnosing of which is rewarded by a pronounced lessening in morbidity and mortality 1. Although the determination to research a patient with suspected AA is based chiefly on disease history and physical findings, the clinical presentation is rarely typical. Therefore diagnostic mistakes are common, ensuing in a average incidence of perforation of 20 % and a negative laparotomy rate runing from 2 % to 30 % 1. During the past few old ages, there has been a turning tendency toward the usage of formal probabilistic logical thinking or quantitative informations as a usher to clinical determination devising. In this regard, several hiting systems, computer-based theoretical accounts, and algorithms 2-12 have been developed for back uping the diagnosing of AA on the footing of rating medical history, clinical symptoms and marks, and indexs of inflammatory response. Harmonizing to initial rating studies, these determination tools are cost-efficient and may supply considerable diagnostic AIDSs to doctors 13. However, the aforesaid theoretical accounts have non been routinely applied in general pattern because they have failed to accomplish equal truth in proof surveies 14-17. Roll uping grounds has suggested that US in experient custodies improves diagnostic truth in instances of suspected AA 18, 19. Therefore, sonographic imagination has been proposed as a diagnostic tool even in patients with a clinically high chance of AA, because it accurately depicts a high per centum of normal appendices and alternate diagnosings 20. However, these findings do non connote that sawboness may non use their clinical acumen to the direction of topics with suspected AA, inasmuch as series with false-negative sonographic rates of up to 24 % have been reported 21. Furthermore, merely light informations exist on the possible combination of US findings with clinical and laboratory variables as an incorporate determination tool 22. The purposes of the present survey were to develop a simple and dependable marking system that would integrate US appraisal and peculiar elements of clinical rating and research lab probe to supply high diagnostic truth in patients with suspected AA and to measure the public presentation of the derived categorization regulation as compared to that of antecedently proposed theoretical accounts in a independent database of topics with suspected AA. Patients AND METHODS The present probe included overall 134 topics with suspected AA who were studied over a span of 2 old ages ( conducted between January 2005 and December 2006.The survey was experimental and no intercession was done except for the add-on of formalized informations aggregation. Subsequently, the public presentation of the mark in the above database was compared to that of 11 antecedently proposed diagnostic tonss for AA, which were besides calculated by utilizing informations from the population of the survey. The choice standards sing the aforesaid diagnostic tonss for AA were ( 1 ) development of each mark from patients showing with acute abdominal hurting, ( 2 ) old proof in at least one prospective survey and ( 3 ) feasibleness of each mark computation ( viz. no losing variables ) on the footing of the informations prospectively collected in our survey by utilizing a structured signifier that included a standardised questionnaire. Four independent forecasters of the presence of AA were expressed as an integer-based marking system, which were assigned a weight ( point ) to each forecaster and summed the weights of the forecasters that were present for a topic: [ figure of points = 6 for US positive for AA + 4 for tenderness in right lower quadrant + 3 for recoil tenderness + 2 for leucocyte count A ; gt ; 12,000/?l ] identified in the analysis. Non-operated topics were assumed non to hold AA, because none of them developed appendicitis during followup of 3 hebdomads. Because the end of the present survey was to compare the new theoretical account with the legion old 1s, application of the new mark to the survey in order to cut down the negative appendicectomy rate was non possible without biasing the consequences. Hence, no score-based intercession took topographic point, and the determination to run or non was left to the judgement of the senior sawbones, who was non cognizant of the decision of each theoretical account for every person topic. All the ultrasound ( U/S ) scrutinies included in this survey were preformed by the senior graduate student occupant. In each patient the venters was ab initio examined at U/S by utilizing 2.5-5 MHz convex array transducer. This rating was supplemented with U/S appraisal of the appendix and the environing part by utilizing a 5 MHz additive array transducer and the ranked compaction technique Statistical Analysis Statistical analysis was performed utilizing the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences package ( SPSS Inc, release 11.0 ) . Acute appendicitis at operation was used as the terminal point in the survey. Univariate correlativities between the presence of the aforesaid terminal point and clinical or laboratory characteristics were evaluated with the chi-squared trial, as appropriate for categorical informations, and with Student ‘s t-test for uninterrupted variables. Ninety-five per centum assurance intervals ( 95 % CIs ) were calculated for each comparing. 2 Ten 2 tabular array was used to cipher the sensitiveness, specificity, negative prognostic value, positive prognostic value and truth. All trials of significance were two-tailed, and a p value less than 0.05 was considered to be important. Consequence The above diagnostic mark was calculated for 134 indiscriminately selected patients ( 70 [ 52. You read "Diagnosis Of Acute Appendicitis Health And Social Care Essay" in category "Essay examples"2 % ] males, average age 28.7  ± 11.9 old ages [ scope ; 15-79 old ages ] ) hospitalized for suspected AA. Among the above topics, 73 ( 54.0 % ) went on to surgery and 58 ( 43.3 % ) had AA at operation. The application of the new categorization tool to the patients showed 96.5 % of topics with 8-15 points to hold AA ( Table 1 ) . The proposed dignostic theoretical account yielded a mark of A ; lt ; 8 points for all 61 non-operated patients in the survey. The present theoretical account exceeded perceptibly the old 1s in diagnostic truth ( Figure 1 ) . The negative appendicectomy rate was 19.4 % ( 14 out of 72 operated patients ) . None of the 6 patients ( 4.5 % of entire ) who were in the subgroup with the lowest mark ( 0-4 points ) had AA, whereas in 56 ( 96.5 % ) of the patients with the highest mark ( 8-15 points ; n = 58 [ 41.8 % of entire ] ) , AA was the concluding diagnosing. Nevertheless, the proportion of topics with AA among patients with moderate tonss ( 5-7 points ; n = 70 [ 52.2 % of entire ] ) was really little ( 3 out of 70, 4.3 % ) . Therefore, utilizing the cut-off of ? 8 points for the diagnosing of AA in the survey, a really high chance of AA would hold been assigned to topics with 8-15 points ( 96.5 % , 56/58 ) as opposed to the really low chance for patients with 0-7 points ( 4.3 % , 3/70 ) . Discussion The theoretical account suggested in the present survey combines the diagnostic value of four variables: viz. two well-recognized clinical characteristics of AA ( tenderness in the right lower quarter-circle and bounce tenderness ) 1, US imagination, and leucocytosis, the latter reflecting the inflammatory response. The prominence of the aforesaid factors as independent correlatives of AA corroborates old studies, which have shown tonss non including the above clinical variables and leucocytosis to supply poorer favoritism 1, 15. With respect to the varied weighting of the four multivariate forecasters, a positive US happening surpassed any other factor by presenting an at least 5.5-fold addition to the chance of AA as suggested by 95 % CIs ( Table 3 ) . Harmonizing to the proposed threshold of ? 8 points, if the appendix is sonographically shown to be inflamed, the presence of at least one extra factor is required to set up AA, whereas in the absence of US showing AA, all three staying variables are necessary for the diagnosing. For illustration, the above theoretical account would propose the diagnosing of AA in a patient with leucocytosis and a positive US determination ( entire score 8 points ) , even if recoil or right lower quadrant tenderness were missing. The application of the new system to the external database yielded an impressive diagnostic truth of 96.5 % , which exceeded perceptibly the public presentation of old tonss. The high quality of the new mark could be attributed to the incorporation of an imaging mode in a formal determination tool for AA, which is the fresh diagnostic process introduced in the present survey. Although sonographic imagination of the venters has been established as a utile tool in diagnosing of AA being of peculiar value in patients with untypical presentation 23, its truth has been doubted in more recent big surveies and meta-analyses 18, 19, 21, 24-26. In this regard, it has been demonstrated that, when US is used as the finding factor for operative therapy, it can non be relied on to the exclusion of the sawbones ‘s careful and perennial rating 21. Furthermore, a prospective multicenter experimental test on 2280 patients with acute abdominal hurting reported no correlativity between the sonographic findings of the appendix and the diagnostic truth of the clinician, the rate of negative appendicectomy, and the perforation rates, therefore proposing no clear benefit of US scanning of the appendix in the everyday clinical puting 19. In add-on, echography failed to better the diagnostic truth or the negative appendicectomy rate and was even found to detain surgical aud ience and appendicectomy in a big survey that included 766 topics 24. However, it has been shown that US is unneeded when there is a high grade of clinical intuition as expressed by a positive Alvarado mark, whereas the extra information provided by US improves diagnostic truth in the instance of a negative or ambiguous Alvarado mark 25. Furthermore, a meta-analysis published in the in-between 1990s suggested that US is most helpful in patients with an undetermined chance of the disease after the initial rating and should non be used to except AA in topics with authoritative marks and symptoms because of the underlying comparatively high false-negative rate 18. Finally, a more recent meta-analysis on the value of US in the diagnosing of AA revealed dissatisfactory consequences in multi-center tests, proposing that the equal public presentation of echography in single-center surveies may non reflect surgical mundane life 26. Ultrasound is rapid, noninvasive, cheap, and requires no patient readying or contrast material disposal 23. Because it involves no ionizing radiation and excels in the word picture of acute gynaecological conditions, it is recommended as the initial imagination survey in kids 27 and in adult females 28, particularly during gestation 29. Yet, the restrictions of US include its decreased truth in corpulent or muscular topics, every bit good as in patients with pierced AA ( about 50 % ) compared to that observed in nonperforated AA ( 80 % ) 23. Furthermore, US is known to be extremely operator-dependent, the larning curve required to develop the technique for sonographically scanning the right lower quarter-circle is considerable, and there are many interpretative booby traps to be avoided 23. It has been shown, nevertheless, that even if radiology occupants or inexperient sawboness conduct the imagination, the truth of US is non lessened 30, 31. In any instance, although the standards for the US-based diagnosing of AA are well-established and dependable, the inexperient tester, working with hapless equipment and/or technique, will supply suboptimal consequences, and this possibility should be taken into history when integrating sonographic standards in the diagnostic form. The usage of US in the scene of suspected AA might be questioned in an epoch when appendiceal computed imaging ( CT ) has been demonstrated to supply an truth rate every bit high as 98 % in the diagnosing of AA, taking to improved patient attention and reduced usage of hospital resources 32. Furthermore, CT has repeatedly been shown to exhibit superior discriminatory capacity compared to US in both grownups and striplings with suspected AA 33-35, proposing that the proposed categorization system may non use to geographical countries where CT scanning is readily available on a 24-hour footing. In this survey, the inability to routinely execute CT scanning may account to a great extent for the comparatively high false positive rate of about 20 % . This figure of false positive diagnosings would be unacceptable in most Westernized states, where the appropriate CT use in community infirmaries has been shown to cut down the negative appendicectomy rate from 14 % -20 % to 2 % -7 % 36-38. H owever, because many parts of the universe wellness community may still non be able to afford CT scanning but can afford US equipment, the combined systematic execution of sonographic rating and clinical acumen could be valuable as suggested by the present survey. Because the coincident application of the preexisting theoretical accounts and the new mark to the same database has favored the latter, the several clinical deductions should be farther evaluated. A prospective interventional large-scale rating in different clinical environments, in an adequate controlled survey comparing a baseline stage without hiting to a subsequent stage with hiting would likely be the optimum attack 15, 16. To cut down prejudice with such a design, unvarying informations aggregation should be carried out harmonizing to changeless definitions, with standardised public presentation standards used to guarantee nonsubjective rating 16. Any diagnostic support for AA should be heartily welcomed if it has been proven to be clinically valuable, because intolerably high negative appendicectomy and perforation rates are still reported in many parts of the universe wellness community. However, apart from being familiar with elements non included in a quantitative theoretical account, doctors may be able to supply superior imputations of losing informations for an single patient and to incorporate the diagnostic estimation as portion of their overall patient appraisal. Therefore, including the proposed mark in the diagnostic process is deserving seeking and may heighten a sawboness prejudiced capacity, under the requirement that it will be considered as an adjunct in determination devising that can non replace careful surgical judgement. Table 1 Performance of the proposed diagnostic mark in the survey. Number of points Number of patients [ n=134 ] ( % of sum ) Acute appendicitis [ n=59,44.0 % ] Non appendicitis status [ n=75, 56.0 % ] Percentage of patients with appendicitis among patients with the several mark 0-4 06 ( 4.5 % ) 0 06 0 % 5-7 70 ( 52.2 % ) 3 67 4.38 % 8-15 58 ( 43.3 % ) 56 2 96.5 % Table 2 Demographic, clinical, and laboratory features of the patients with suspected appendicitis. Patients ‘ features ( n = 134 ) Acute appendicitis ( % ) [ n = 59, 44.0 % ] No appendicitis ( % ) [ n = 75, 56.0 % ] P value Demographic informations Male sex 35 ( 59.5 ) 40 ( 53.5 ) 0.292 Age [ mean  ± SD ( scope ) ] 27.2  ± 12.2 ( 15-85 ) 29.4  ± 14.7 ( 15-86 ) 0.889 Symptoms Anorexia 40 ( 67.8 ) 53 ( 70.7 ) 0.675 Vomiting 28 ( 47.3 ) 28 ( 37.2 ) 0.076 Migration of hurting 36 ( 61.0 ) 25 ( 33.3 ) A ; lt ; 0.001 Duration of symptoms A ; lt ; 48 hours 49 ( 83.0 ) 49 ( 65.3 ) A ; lt ; 0.001 Signs Tenderness in right lower quarter-circle 53 ( 89.8 ) 31 ( 41.3 ) A ; lt ; 0.001 Rebound tenderness 36 ( 66.1 ) 19 ( 25.3 ) A ; lt ; 0.001 Guarding 29 ( 49.1 ) 14 ( 18.6 ) A ; lt ; 0.001 Rectal tenderness 16 ( 27.1 ) 24 ( 32.0 ) 0.321 Laboratory informations Leukocyte count A ; gt ; 12,000/?l 36 ( 61.0 ) 8 ( 10.7 ) A ; lt ; 0.001 Neutrophils A ; gt ; 75 % 50 ( 84.7 ) 34 ( 45.4 ) A ; lt ; 0.001 Temperature A ; gt ; 37.5 A ; deg ; C 43 ( 72.8 ) 44 ( 58.7 ) 0.008 Ultrasound positive for acute appendicitis 48 ( 81.4 ) 39 ( 5.2 ) A ; lt ; 0.001 Table 3 Comparison of the proposed mark with the old 1s. Scoring instrument True positive False positive True negative False negative Tin SPC PPV ( 95 % CI ) NPV ( 95 % CI ) P Value Van Way 71 29 85 16 81.6 74.6 71.0 ( 61.5-78.9 ) 84.2 ( 75.8-90.0 ) A ; lt ; 0.001 Teicher 77 19 95 10 88.5 83.3 80.2 ( 71.1-86.9 ) 90.5 ( 83.4-94.7 ) A ; lt ; 0.001 Arnbj A ; ouml ; rnsson 71 33 81 16 81.6 71.1 68.3 ( 58.8-76.4 ) 83.5 ( 74.9-89.6 ) A ; lt ; 0.001 Alvarado 78 27 87 9 89.7 76.3 74.3 ( 65.2-81.7 ) 90.6 ( 83.1-94.9 ) A ; lt ; 0.001 Feny A ; ouml ; 79 17 97 8 90.8 85.1 82.3 ( 73.5-88.6 ) 92.4 ( 85.7-96.1 ) A ; lt ; 0.001 Lindberg 74 14 100 13 85.1 87.7 84.1 ( 75.1-90.3 ) 88.5 ( 81.3-93.2 ) A ; lt ; 0.001 Izbicki 70 34 80 17 80.5 70.2 67.3 ( 57.8-75.6 ) 82.5 ( 73.7-88.8 ) A ; lt ; 0.001 De Dombal 70 31 83 17 80.5 72.8 69.3 ( 59.7-77.5 ) 83.0 ( 74.5-89.1 ) A ; lt ; 0.001 Christian 74 17 97 13 85.1 85.1 81.3 ( 72.1-87.9 ) 88.2 ( 80.8-92.9 ) A ; lt ; 0.001 Eskelinen 72 9 105 15 82.8 92.1 88.9 ( 80.2-94.1 ) 87.5 ( 80.4-92.3 ) A ; lt ; 0.001 Ohmann 81 19 95 6 93.1 83.3 81.0 ( 72.2-87.5 ) 94.1 ( 87.6-97.2 ) A ; lt ; 0.001 Our Proposed mark 55 2 74 3 95.4 97.4 96.5 ( 90.2-98.8 ) 96.5 ( 91.4-98.6 ) A ; lt ; 0.001 Tin: sensitiveness ; SPC: specificity ; PPV: positive prognostic value ; NPV: negative prognostic value ; ACR: truth ; CI: assurance interval. Figure I. Accuracy of tonss in assorted surveies How to cite Diagnosis Of Acute Appendicitis Health And Social Care Essay, Essay examples

Risk Management and Financial Institutions †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Risk Management and Financial Institutions. Answer: Introduction The report here discussed about the effective management of risk through discussion of the concept of risk, processes adopted for measuring and ranking the risk and the strategies adopted for effective project risk management. There is also discussion about the appropriate practices responsible for minimizing the project risk with theories, examples and arguments. There is also a critical analysis of the theories, concepts and models for practicing the project risk and procurement management. Further, there is also discussion on how the knowledge from the theories of project risk and procurement management can be used for developing insights and sort out current problems. The report also gives an overview of the complex models of Project Risk and Procurement Management along with a systematic analysis and creative synthesis of ideas Identification, understanding and evaluation of risk are required in business management otherwise; businesses can undergo dreadful consequences. However, most people relate the concept of risk with health, death or injury but there are many other types of risk that business face (Aven 2012). Risk can be categorised as risk of harm and risk of detriment. The risk of harm often related with something that is living like the natural environment or a person. However, in business context, the risk of harm relates to an injury incurred by people involved with the business that can be people from the management or employees. The risk of detriment refers to some kind of economic loss that the business incurs (Halbert and Rouanet 2014). This kind of risk includes split in an organization, loss of property or loss of stakeholders. Detriment risk is therefore responsible for causing damage of a major kind. Thus, it is important for the managers of any business to manage and identify risk so that consequences of risk reduced. How Risk Is Measured and Ranked The basic step for measuring the risk for business is to have a clear understanding of the risk. Following the mentioned steps can help in measuring and ranking of the risk (Brownlees and Engle 2012): Identification of the risk: It is necessary for the business to identify the kind of risk it undergoes which includes strategic risk, compliance risk, operational risk, financial risk or reputational risk. Estimating the Likelihood of the Risk: After identification of the risk it is very necessary to identify its likelihood by measuring it on a five-point scale like quite unlikely, very unlikely, medium likely, quite likely and very likely. Estimating the Impact of the Risk: After the identification of the risk it is very necessary to estimate how the risk will affect business. Therefore, it is necessary to estimate whether the risk have minimal impact, low impact, high impact, medium impact and devastation impact. Through creating a Scorecard for the Risk: Creating a scorecard for the risk helps in summarising the risk and its relative impact on the business. Strategies for Project risk management adopted for preventing project risks from occurring and thus minimizing the impact on the project in case any kind of risk occurs. The existence of project risks attributed to uncertainty (Larson and Gray 2013). There always remains a possibility where something unknown or known might pose a hindrance in achieving the project goals. The strategies adopted can therefore, act as a rescue in handling such risks. The project manager should therefore undertake four basic strategies for effective project risk management. These are as follows: Identification of the Risks: The identification of any risk that might have an impact on the business is very necessary. Possibility of any risk can be identified either by brainstorming, interviewing, going through risk profiles, going through historical data, through assumption analysis and through work breakdown structure analysis. Assessment of the Risk: Once the potential project risk identified it is very necessary for the project manager to determine the risks that need to be managing on an immediate basis since these are the risk that will have major impact on the project. Along with this, the manager also needs to identify its likelihood. Identifying Risk Response Development: There are however four response strategies for every risk that includes: By avoiding the risk: There are certain changes needs to be made in the project plan for avoiding risk. For instance, this can be done by either shortening or extending the schedule, reducing scope or changing the strategy of the project. Transfer the Risk: This involves passing of the risk to a third party. However, it does not change the nature of the risk but the responsibility of managing the risk goes to some other party. These include insurance, warranties, guarantees, performance bonds and fixed price contracts. Mitigate the Risk: This implies reducing the impact or probability of risk event. Risk mitigation may be done by simplifying the processes, safety training and choosing stable supplier Through Accepting the Risk: This is a scenario when the project team does not undertake any changes in the plan in dealing with the risk. In such cases, the manger is also unable to choose appropriate response strategies for the event Ensuring Monitoring and Controlling Risks: This involves implementation of the risk response strategies, monitoring the events that are responsible for the trigger, tracking the identified risk and identification of new risk. Appropriate Practices for Minimizing the Project Risk There are huge benefits of risk management in a project as it allows the business from unnecessary monetary loss (Kerzner 2013). In addition to this, minimizing the threats to projects also allows the project manager to ensure timely delivery along with quality results demanded by the sponsors. There are however, certain golden rules which if followed can minimize the project risk. These are as follows: Making Risk Management a Part of the Project: For minimizing the impact of project risk it is important to ensure that risk management becomes a part of the project plan. This will not only save cost but also lead to successful execution of the project. Most professional companies make risk management as a part of their day-to-day operations Identification of the Risks in the Early Stage of the Project: Identification of the risk at the initial stages of the project also helps in minimizing the project risk (Kendrick 2015). In order to do so, the manager must interact with the team members and other people outside the project who might help in risk identification due to experience in a similar scenario. Ensuring Proper Communication about the Risks: There should be a constant communication about the risk with the team members. This will allow the members of the team to understand its importance and impact and discuss any new risk that they can observe. Considering Both the Opportunities and Threats: There have been instances when modern risk approaches have focused on positive risks that have lead to project opportunities. Therefore it is necessary on the part of the managers to not only identify the project threats but also the opportunities as they make the project more profitable, better and faster. Clarifying Ownership Issues: The task of the manager does not end with the identification of the risk. The project manager in order to minimize the risk must assign a risk owner who will undertake the responsibility for optimizing the risk. Prioritising Risk: There are certain risks that have higher impact than others. Therefore, it is very necessary to prioritize the risk that causes bigger losses (Osei-Kyei and Chan 2015). The risk with lesser impact can be prioritizes based on a criteria or sometimes gut feeling. Through Analyzing the Risk: The project manager should risk analysis at various levels of the project. A detailed analysis of the risk helps the manager to understand the magnitude of the impact on cost, product and quality Planning and Implementing Risk Responses: Implementation of risk response activity that adds value to the project. This act of the manager will not only prevent the occurrence of threat occurring and at the same time minimize negative effects. Registering Project Risk: The project manager must maintain a risk log that enables him in viewing the progress. This method also acts a communication tool for informing the stakeholders and team members and stakeholders about the whereabouts of the project. Tracking Risk and Associated Risk: Through tracking of risk the project manager can actually focus on the current situation of risks (Klauer et.al 2014). This will help him to identify the risk that and affect the project value. Theory versus Practice of Project Risk and Procurement Management Project risk management is a thoughtful process of decision-making. The alternative being the scenario that involves reckless decisions making not based on careful observation of facts and involves risk (Alexander 2013). Thus, management of risk requires a methodical approach. Therefore, project risk management defined as a formalized disciplined approach that includes a set of processes for sound decision-making. On the other hand, procurement is a process that is usually adopted in private and public sector organizations. There process of procurement also involves five different categories of risk that includes (Hayes 2014): Technological Risk: These risks involve non-completion, under performance or false performance of the service procured due some technical glitch. Societal or Organizational Risk: Societal risk refers to the lack of acceptance of change by the users within the society. Organizational risk on the other hand refers the failure of the organization that undertakes the process of procurement. Market Risk: This refers to the risk involved in the demand and supply side. Financial Risk: In public procurement the financial risks are of twofold, first refers to the uncertainty in achieving target cost and the second refers to the ability of securing funds. Turbulence Risk: This risk refers to those that emerge from an unpredictable situation that forces the managers to reassess, prioritise and change expectations. This may lead to further dysfunction. The case study here discusses about the conduction of a risk management workshop by risk manager of a project (Kerzner, 2013). Thus, a meeting was held between the project manager and risk manager to undertake discussion on the project scope, project objectives, process incorporated, efficiency, deliberation and workshop participants. Based on the discussion risk identification which depends on the following factors like the time allotted for the project, number of participants and quality of participants, the project manager, scope of risk management. The risk manager developed a risk rating matrix after discussion with the project manager which enabled him to analyse the qualitatively. This approach of analysis is not only simple but also quick. However, the members of the workshop also readily accept the qualitative approach. The purpose of analysis of the risk is for prioritizing risk so that the higher ranking risk can be effectively taken into account by the management. In this case study, it was found that members of the workshop could determine strategies for treating high and extreme risks only. However, expectation for low or moderate risk can be effectively be handled by the management based on instinct or certain business criteria. Theory and practice matches in terms of use of source as common risk classification structure and effectiveness of group process. Therefore, in contrast to the theory, the practice needs to segment objectives of the project into product factors and process, use checklist after undertaking the process of brainstorming and the depend of risk on various factors. There is also need for interchanging the ability of events and causes on a frequent basis, greater weight age on consequences than the likelihood, carrying out partial analysis in exact circumstances since risk depends on various factors. Thus, the theory however clearly put an emphasis on the need for flexibility in one of its approaches allotted for the process of risk management (Haimes, 2015). Applying Knowledge of Project Risk and Procurement Management for Developing Insight and Solve Problem The theory and practice puts forward important techniques and concepts that are necessary for understanding the core competencies of risk related to project management and procurement management (McNeil, Frey and Embrechts 2015). This will enable project managers in preparing an accurate plan for risk and procurement management for their project. The managers will also be able to put use the techniques and tools for identification and resolving risk in their projects. They will also develop an ability to link risk and procurement concepts to the framework of the project. In other words, proper knowledge will also ensure them to adopt a reflective and professional approach for managing their project (Hull 2012). The knowledge will also enable the managers in effectively using oral and written communication about the risk factors of the projects at a professional level. Further, proper knowledge will also enable managers to critically think and synthesize any complex data related to th e project. Nowadays, project risk and procurement management considered important for an organisation because without proper understanding of it, a firm is not being able to define the objectives of project for the future (Fernndez-Diego 2013). However, if the project objectives of a company are determined without considering risks then there might be chances of losing the direction whenever a risk strikes. Therefore, in recent years companies have incorporated risk management departments. The role of the team working for the department is to come up with strategies that help in guarding the risk, identification of the risk, execution of the strategies and motivating employees in cooperating with the strategies (Caron 2013). Larger organisations face more risk so they should have strategies that are sophisticated. Moreover, they should also allow their risk management team for accessing the risk that might pose as a hindrance to the business. These risks cause adverse affects to the business and therefore needs prioritization and treatment accordingly (Taylor, Artman and Woelfer 2012). Therefore the goal of the risk management team is thus to ensure that the company only opts for risks that will not pose a barrier in achieving the primary objectives. Critical Analysis of Project Risk and Procurement Management in Complex Projects Complex projects in the field of aerospace, nuclear power, transportation and information technology brings in substantial challenges. The challenges include cost escalation, technical problems and legal disputes. These projects are therefore, quite vulnerable when it comes to performance (Pryke and Smyth 2012). The complexity arises due to multiple stages of design, procurement, construction, testing, changing requirements of the customers, performance priorities, government regulation and standards and delays in discovering rework. The complex projects are so much in trouble due to their complexity and hence are difficult to handle even under suitable circumstances. Due to the uncertainty factors these factors also involve certain amount of risk. The challenge of risk management in dealing with such complex projects includes systematic analysis of the risk, incorporating strategic control in exposing the project risk and undertaking a continuous learning process (Thamhain 2013). Until recently, it was found that there was insufficient systematic analysis of past problems related to complex projects. Even the project managers lacked tools used for analyzing and controlling such projects. The outcome of a complex project measured in terms of technical performance, timeliness, cost, quality, social impacts and value for money. However, the sources of risk for such projects depends substantial impact on the project outcome and the surrounded uncertainty (Kendrick 2015). Thus, to ensure project risk management of complex projects systems dynamics used as a powerful tool assessing the performance (Wilensky and Stroup 2013). Thus, through the adoption of system dynamics techniques, computer simulation models of various projects developed. However, system dynamics not only addresses the dimension of the complexity explicitly but also provides an answer to many critical questions related to performance. The scopes provided by the system dynamics methodology not only make it an effective but also an appropriate tool for strategic risk management. Thus, system dynamics model can act as the basis for identification and control of significant project risk (Flyvbjerg 2013). The steps however includes: simulation with a previous project, establishment of a baseline for performance for the project under consideration, identification of the sensitivities of the performance, identifying the major risk sources, analysing the sources that would lead to reduction of the risk, evaluating tradeoffs for performance /risk, preparation of contingency plans. However, the manager of such projects admitted that another category of risk is quite prevalent in such projects (Yoo et.al 2013). This includes, lower than expected availability of labour regionally, high attrition rates amongst workforce, slower delivery of vendors, slower perception of the management in dealing with the variations in actual productivity, slower rate of rework wherever required. Thus, such projects the managers can reduce risk through identification of five potential areas (Iossa and Martimort 2012.). These include proper scheduling, proactive workforce management, pursuing of aggressive test program, building customer relationship and incorporate improved technology. Conclusion The report ends with a critical analysis of project risk and procurement management for complex projects. Here the report discusses how complex projects have higher risk due to uncertainty. The report also deals with a section where the knowledge of the project risk and procurement management used for developing insight and solving current problems. The report also discusses about theory versus practice of project risk and procurement management. Further, there is discussion about the appropriate practices adopted for minimizing the project risk. There is also discussion about the effective risk management along with an explanation of the concept of risk, ways for measurement of risk and strategies for project risk management References: Alexander, K. ed., 2013.Facilities management: theory and practice. Routledge. Aven, T., 2012. The risk concepthistorical and recent development trends.Reliability Engineering System Safety,99, pp.33-44. Brownlees, C.T. and Engle, R.F., 2012. Volatility, correlation and tails for systemic risk measurement.Available at SSRN 1611229. Caron, F., 2013. Project Risk Management. InManaging the Continuum: Certainty, Uncertainty, Unpredictability in Large Engineering Projects(pp. 67-74). Springer Milan. Fernndez-Diego, M., 2013. Project Risk Management. InProject Management for Environmental, Construction and Manufacturing Engineers(pp. 75-90). Springer Netherlands. Flyvbjerg, B., 2013. From Nobel prize to project management: getting risks right.arXiv preprint arXiv:1302.3642. Haimes, Y.Y., 2015.Risk modeling, assessment, and management. John Wiley Sons. Halbert, L. and Rouanet, H., 2014. Filtering risk away: Global finance capital, transcalar territorial networks and the (un) making of city-regions: An analysis of business property development in Bangalore, India.Regional Studies,48(3), pp.471-484. Hayes, J., 2014.The theory and practice of change management. Palgrave Macmillan. Hull, J., 2012.Risk management and financial institutions,+ Web Site(Vol. 733). John Wiley Sons. Iossa, E. and Martimort, D., 2012. Risk allocation and the costs and benefits of publicprivate partnerships.The RAND Journal of Economics,43(3), pp.442-474. Kendrick, T., 2015.Identifying and managing project risk: essential tools for failure-proofing your project. AMACOM Div American Mgmt Assn. Kendrick, T., 2015.Identifying and managing project risk: essential tools for failure-proofing your project. AMACOM Div American Mgmt Assn. Kerzner, H., 2013.Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley Sons. Kerzner, H., 2013.Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley Sons. Klauer, S.G., Guo, F., Simons-Morton, B.G., Ouimet, M.C., Lee, S.E. and Dingus, T.A., 2014. Distracted driving and risk of road crashes among novice and experienced drivers.New England journal of medicine,370(1), pp.54-59. Larson, E.W. and Gray, C., 2013.Project Management: The Managerial Process with MS Project. McGraw-Hill. McNeil, A.J., Frey, R. and Embrechts, P., 2015.Quantitative risk management: Concepts, techniques and tools. Princeton university press. Osei-Kyei, R. and Chan, A.P., 2015. Review of studies on the Critical Success Factors for PublicPrivate Partnership (PPP) projects from 1990 to 2013.International Journal of Project Management,33(6), pp.1335-1346. Pryke, S. and Smyth, H., 2012.The management of complex projects: A relationship approach. John Wiley Sons. Taylor, H., Artman, E. and Woelfer, J.P., 2012. Information technology project risk management: bridging the gap between research and practice.Journal of Information Technology,27(1), pp.17-34. Thamhain, H., 2013. Managing risks in complex projects.Project Management Journal,44(2), pp.20-35. Wilensky, U. and Stroup, W.M., 2013, April. Networked gridlock: Students enacting complex dynamic phenomena with the HubNet architecture. InProceedings of the fourth annual international conference of the learning sciences(pp. 282-289). Yoo, Y., Boland Jr, R.J., Lyytinen, K. and Majchrzak, A., 2012. Organizing for innovation in the digitized world.Organization Science,23(5), pp.1398-1408.

Othello shows weak human judgement free essay sample

I agree with the statement that Shakespeare’s play Othello demonstrates the weakness of human judgement. The demise of both Othello and Iago is due to each one’s weak judge of character, and poor judgement of situations. Othello falls from a position of power and nobility to a debased shadow of his former self, as a result of Iago’s cunning plans. Yet had Othello a better sense of judgement Iago’s schemes would not have worked. One of Othello’s biggest flaws is his poor judge of character. Othello is convinced of Iago’s honesty right up to Iago’s final moments of freedom. He is a complete dupe to Iago’s plans. He immediately turns to Iago for answers when Cassio stabs Montano,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"I know, Iago Thy honesty and love doth mince this matter, Making it light to Cassio.† Othello wrongly judges Iago’s stories to be true and doesn’t even think of questioning anyone else. We will write a custom essay sample on Othello shows weak human judgement or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He foolishly believes that Iago is an honest and honourable man, and is too blind to see through Iago’s faà §ade. This display of weak human judgement ultimately leads Othello to wrongfully murdering his wife. Naivety and ignorance is shown constantly by Othello when he foolishly accepts Iago’s ‘proofs’ of Desdemona’s infidelity without question. He is so enraged and jealous at the notion of his wife sleeping with someone else that he looses his sense of judgement and rationality. This could be considered a relatively natural reaction to such a situation, but it ultimately shows a weakness in the human psyche. Again Othello shows poor judgement by not confronting Desdemona about these claims and instead contents himself with Iago’s word. He convinces himself that he is acting in Desdemona’s best interests and wrongfully assumes her to be the â€Å"cunning whore of Venice†. Again Othello shows a very weak sense of judgement when he places Cassio in a position of power by telling him to ensure that celebrations didn’t get out of hand. He judges Cassio to be a trustworthy and responsible person. Cassio is aware of the fact that he does not take to alcohol very well, yet he is easily coaxed into drinking by Iago, â€Å"I’ll do’t, but it dislikes me† As a result of the drinking, Cassio becomes involved in an argument and fatally stabs Montano. The fact that Cassio is aware of his drinking problems but still gives in to having a drink so easily is a damning indictment on his character, and shows how some people can be easily manipulated because of their poor sense of judgement. Jealousy is one of mankind’s greatest flaws, as shown by Othello. Jealousy consumes Othello and turns his love for Desdemona to hatred and contempt. It sends him into such blind anger that he loses all sense of rational judgement, causing him to make impetuous and impulsive decisions. Such so that he publicly disgraces Desdemona and feels content to murder her for the good of mankind, â€Å"Yet she must die, else she’ll betray more men† This jealousy causes Othello to act impulsively on circumstatial evidence, and results in him making fatal judgements. Othello is not the only flawed character in the play, Iago shows pretension and poor judgement in his dealings with Emilia. Iago appears to have everyone under the influence of his schemes and is confident of his success, yet he completely overlooks his wife. He believes her to be a simple woman that will do his bidding despite how she is treated. This is a fatal judgement by Iago as Emilia is the one who exposes Iago’s plans and ultimately dooms him to die, â€Å"Disprove this villain if thou be’st a man† Iago’s arrogance causes him to judge Emilia wrongly and discount her from his otherwise successful plans, showing weakness in his character. Love is also a consuming force and in this play it causes Roderigo to act completely irrationally. He pays Iago with heaps of money to help him woo Desdemona. Roderigo is obviously blinded into thinking that Iago is a trustworthy and honest person. He becomes so debased by the fact that Desdemona keeps turning him away that he agrees to murder Cassio for no apparent reason â€Å"I have no great devotion to the deed,   and yet he has given me satisfying reasons† Roderigo shows no moral standards and places no value on human life. This shows us that love and rejection are have big effects on human judgement. Racism is a glaring problem amongst the characters of the play. Othello is clearly affected by it and feels that he must prove himself equal to everyone else. Iago cleverly feeds Othello’s insecurity by constantly reminding him that he is racially distinct. He points out the obvious differences between Othello and Desdemona. He tells Othello that Desdemona will eventually regret that she hasn’t chosen someone of her own ethnicity and will desire someone,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"of her own clime, complexion and degree† This overt racism towards Othello shows how judgemental and prejudiced people can be and is certainly a naive and ignorant disposition. Clearly weak human judgement can be seen throughout this play by all the characters which shows that everybody is flawed and weak human judgement can be seen in anyone.